jenereta ya dizilo imagwira ntchito bwanji

Majenereta a dizilo ndi magwero amphamvu odalirika omwe amasintha mphamvu zama mankhwala zosungidwa mumafuta a dizilo kukhala mphamvu zamagetsi. Amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri m'mapulogalamu osiyanasiyana, kuyambira popereka mphamvu zosunga zobwezeretsera panthawi yadzidzidzi kupita kumadera akutali komwe magetsi a gridi sakupezeka. Kumvetsetsa momwe jenereta ya dizilo imagwirira ntchito kumaphatikizapo kufufuza zigawo zake zofunika kwambiri ndi njira zomwe zimachitika mkati mwawo popanga magetsi.

Zida Zoyambira za Jenereta ya Dizilo

Dongosolo la jenereta wa dizilo limapangidwa ndi zigawo ziwiri zazikulu: injini (makamaka injini ya dizilo) ndi alternator (kapena jenereta). Zigawozi zimagwira ntchito limodzi kupanga mphamvu zamagetsi.

1. Injini ya Dizilo: Injini ya dizilo ndiye mtima wa jenereta. Ndi injini yoyaka yomwe imawotcha mafuta a dizilo kuti ipange mphamvu zamakina munjira yozungulira. Ma injini a dizilo amadziwika ndi kukhazikika kwawo, kugwiritsa ntchito bwino mafuta, komanso kusamalidwa bwino.

2. Alternator: Alternator imatembenuza mphamvu yamakina opangidwa ndi injini ya dizilo kukhala mphamvu yamagetsi. Imachita izi kudzera munjira yotchedwa electromagnetic induction, pomwe maginito ozungulira amapangira mphamvu yamagetsi mumagulu a ma koyilo omwe amazungulira pakati pachitsulo.

Mfundo Yogwirira Ntchito

Mfundo yogwirira ntchito ya jenereta ya dizilo ingagawidwe m'njira zingapo:

1. Jekeseni wa Mafuta ndi Kuyaka: Injini ya dizilo imagwira ntchito pa mfundo yoyatsira moto. Mpweya umakokedwa m'masilinda a injini kudzera m'mavavu olowera ndikuupanikiza ndi kuthamanga kwambiri. Pachimake cha kuponderezedwa, mafuta a dizilo amalowetsedwa m'masilinda akuthamanga kwambiri. Kutentha ndi kupanikizika kumapangitsa kuti mafutawo azingoyaka, kutulutsa mphamvu ngati mpweya wowonjezera.

2. Piston Movement: Mipweya yomwe ikukulirakulira imakankhira ma pistoni pansi, kutembenuza mphamvu yoyaka kukhala mphamvu yamakina. Ma pistoni amalumikizidwa ku crankshaft kudzera pa ndodo zolumikizira, ndipo kuyenda kwawo pansi kumazungulira crankshaft.

3. Mechanical Energy Transfer: Crankshaft yozungulira imalumikizidwa ndi rotor ya alternator (yomwe imadziwikanso kuti armature). Pamene crankshaft imazungulira, imatembenuza rotor mkati mwa alternator, ndikupanga mphamvu ya maginito yozungulira.

4. Electromagnetic Induction: Mphamvu ya maginito yozungulira imalumikizana ndi ma coils osasunthika omwe amazungulira pakati pachitsulo cha alternator. Kulumikizana kumeneku kumapangitsa kuti magetsi azisinthana (AC) m'makoyilo, omwe amaperekedwa ku katundu wamagetsi kapena kusungidwa mu batri kuti agwiritsidwe ntchito mtsogolo.

5. Kuwongolera ndi Kuwongolera: Magetsi ndi ma frequency a jenereta amayendetsedwa ndi makina owongolera, omwe angaphatikizepo makina owongolera magetsi (AVR) ndi bwanamkubwa. The AVR amakhalabe linanena bungwe voteji pa mlingo wokhazikika, pamene bwanamkubwa amasintha mafuta opangira injini kuti azikhala ndi liwiro lokhazikika, motero, pafupipafupi linanena bungwe.

6. Kuziziritsa ndi Kutulutsa Utsi: Injini ya dizilo imapanga kutentha kwakukulu pakuyaka. Dongosolo lozizirira, lomwe nthawi zambiri limagwiritsa ntchito madzi kapena mpweya, ndilofunikira kuti injiniyo isatenthedwe mopanda malire. Kuonjezera apo, njira yoyaka moto imapanga mpweya wotulutsa mpweya, womwe umatulutsidwa kudzera muzitsulo zotulutsa mpweya.

Chidule

Mwachidule, jenereta ya dizilo imagwira ntchito potembenuza mphamvu yamankhwala yomwe imasungidwa mumafuta a dizilo kukhala mphamvu yamakina kudzera pakuyaka mu injini ya dizilo. Mphamvu yamakinayi imasamutsidwa kupita ku alternator, komwe imasinthidwa kukhala mphamvu yamagetsi kudzera mu induction ya electromagnetic. Njirayi imayendetsedwa mosamala ndikuwongolera kuti pakhale mphamvu yokhazikika komanso yodalirika. Majenereta a dizilo amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri chifukwa cha kulimba kwawo, kugwiritsa ntchito bwino mafuta, komanso kusinthasintha pazinthu zosiyanasiyana.